Tuesday, August 5, 2014

Personality Types for Library Organizations: Part 1- Background/Assessment

post by Dan Chaney, Humanities and Social Sciences Division

Let me start by saying I am not a licensed psychologist, but I’ve been known to play one in the Library.

One of the topics I talk to student groups about is understanding their personality, recognizing the strengths of their personality type as well as being aware of their shortcomings. The more I talked to my students about personality types, the more interesting it became to me. Perhaps it is because I am the psychology liaison and this is just a little osmosis in action, perhaps it is just because the more I came to understand personality types, the better I came to understand my own interpersonal and professional interactions.

My Reference colleagues have heard me speak on personalities at least twice over the last few years, and I have presented conference sessions on personality types in libraries on several occasions. I am convinced that by understanding personality types we can begin to understand what motivates us as well as what drives those we work with, our strengths and how we work together.

This piece on personalities can be divided into 5 parts:
1.       Background/the Assessment
2.       Introvert/Extravert
3.       Sensing/Intuition
4.       Thinking/Feeling
5.       Perceiving/Judging

Some background on personality studies: Carl Jung was a psychologist, a rather big name at that. In 1921, Jung suggested that human behavior is not random, that it follows patterns, and these patterns are caused by differences in the way people use their minds. By 1942, Isabel Myers-Briggs and her mother Katherine Briggs put Jung’s work into practice by developing the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI). Today, the MBTI is the most widely used instrument for studying personality.

When I talk about personality types, it is in the framework of the MBTI. There are other personality assessments such as Colors and the Five Factor Model. I prefer the Myers-Briggs framework because it is a very positive personality model – that is, there is nothing negative in any personality type, they all have their merits. I’m not going to have you take the MBTI to see what your personality type is (the MBTI costs $$$ - if you are a student at OSU, you can take it for $10 at OSU Career Services, 308 Student Union). If you’re not an OSU student and you want to know what your personality type is, I have that covered. I am including here a copy of the Personality Assessment Profile (PAP), which is by Dr. Robert Sherfield and is the assessment I give my freshman. (I talked to Dr. Sherfield and got his permission to use his measurement for sessions I do at conference and in settings like this J)

What the PAP does is give you a sense of what your personality type is. If you have taken the MBTI, you can compare results to what you discover taking the PAP.  I’ll warn you of a weakness in the PAP – it’s not the same as the MBTI. The MBTI is 126 questions, which goes far more in depth in assessing your personality type. The PAP is about 30 questions. It’s going to give you a basic score in four personality dimensions, but because it’s so brief, it can’t be exact. Some of you will take the PAP and after scoring it discover in one dimension, your scores are tied. That is going to happen. But, it should give you some basic framework to understand your personality.

One more thing: as you fill the assessment out, be honest. Realize, personality assessments only work for us if we answer questions honestly, without concern for how others would feel about us if they knew how we are answering.


The Personality Assessment Profile                                                            
© Robert M. Sherfield, Ph.D., 1999, 2002, 2005                              

Directions: Read each statement carefully and thoroughly. After reading the statement, rate your response using the scale below. There are no right or wrong answers. This is not a timed
survey. The PAP is based, in part, on the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator® (MBTI) by Katharine Briggs and Isabel Briggs-Myers.

3 = Often Applies
2 = Sometimes Applies
1 = Never or Almost Never Applies

___ 1a. I am a very talkative person.
___ 1b. I am a more reflective person than a verbal person.
___ 2a. I am a very factual and literal person.
___ 2b. I look to the future and can see possibilities.
___ 3a. I value truth and justice over tact and emotion.
___ 3b. I find it easy to empathize with other people.
___ 4a. I am very ordered and efficient.
___ 4b. I enjoy having freedom and control.
___ 5a. I am a very friendly and social person.
___ 5b. I enjoy listening to others more than talking.
___ 6a. I enjoy being around and working with people who have a             great deal of common sense.
___ 6b. I enjoy being around and working with people who are dreamers and have a great deal
            of imagination.
___ 7a. One of my motivating forces is to do a job very well.
___ 7b. I like to be recognized for, and I am motivated by, my accomplishments and awards.
___ 8a. I like to plan out my day before I go to bed.
___ 8b. When I get up on a non-work day, I just like to let the day “plan itself.”
___ 9a. I like to express my feelings and thoughts.
___ 9b. I enjoy a great deal of tranquility and quiet time to myself.
___ 10a. I am a very pragmatic and realistic person.
___ 10b. I like to create new ideas, methods, or ways of doing things.
___ 11a. I make decisions with my brain.
___ 11b. I make decisions with my heart.
___ 12a. I am a very disciplined and orderly person.
___ 12b. I don’t make a lot of plans.
___ 13a. I like to work with a group of people.
___ 13b. I would rather work independently.
___ 14a. I learn best if I can see it, touch it, smell it, taste it, or hear it.
___ 14b. I learn best by relying on my gut feelings or intuition.
___ 15a. I am quick to criticize others.
___ 15b. I complement others very easily and quickly.
___ 16a. My life is systematic and orderly.
___ 16b. I don’t really pay attention to deadlines.
___ 17a. I can be myself when I am around others.
___ 17b. I can be myself when I am alone.
___ 18a. I live in the here and now, in the present.
___ 18b. I live in the future, planning and dreaming.
___ 19a. I think that if someone breaks the rules, the person should be punished.
___ 19b. I think that if someone breaks the rules, we should look at the person who broke the
            rules, examine the rules, and             look at the situation at hand before a decision is made.
___ 20a. I do my work, then I play.
___ 20b. I play, then do my work.

Refer to your score on each individual question. Place that score beside the appropriate question number below. Then tally each line at the side.
                                                                    TOTAL
SCORE____________________________ ACROSS__CODE____
1a ___ 5a ___  9a ___  13a ___ 17a ___    _____     E Extrovert
1b ___ 5b ___  9b ___  13b ___ 17b ___    _____     I Introvert
2a ___ 6a ___ 10a ___ 14a ___ 18a ___    _____     S Sensing
2b ___ 6b ___ 10b ___ 14b ___ 18b ___    _____     N INtuition
3a ___ 7a ___ 11a ___ 15a ___ 19a ___    _____     T Thinking
3b ___ 7b ___ 11b ___ 15b ___ 19b ___    _____     F Feeling
4a ___ 8a ___ 12a ___ 16a ___ 20a ___    _____     J Judging
4b ___ 8b ___ 12b ___ 16b ___ 20b ___    _____     P Perceiving

Personality indicator

Look at the scores on your PAP. Is your score higher in the E or I line? Is your score higher in the S or N line? Is your score higher in the T or F line? Is your score higher in the J or P line? Write the code to the side of each section below.

Is your higher score E or I       Code ______
Is your higher score S or N     Code ______
Is your higher score T or F      Code ______
Is your higher score J or P      Code ______

Friday, May 16, 2014

John Riemer's May 14 Presentation Notes

Library employees may find the slides from John Riemer's May 14 presentation (as well as additional supporting materials) on the staff drive at U:LibraryFutures\.

Comments and questions on the presentations can be added to the comments section below.

Wednesday, May 7, 2014

May Library Futures Series

Schedule: 5/14-5/15

Wednesday, May 14
9:00 a.m. - 10:30 a.m.          
Presentation to all Library employees by John Riemer, UCLA Libraries, Peggy V. Helmerich Browsing Room

10:30 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.        
Cataloging Department (including staff from other units who are directly  involved in cataloging-related work) meeting with John Riemer and Raynna Bowlby, Stringer Conference Room

12:00 p.m.-2:00 p.m.             
LEC (minus Rich and Mary, who will be out) lunch meeting with John Riemer, Stringer Conference Room

2:00 p.m.-3:30 p.m.               
Meeting with Co-Ming, Robin, and John Riemer ,Stringer Conference Room

           
Thursday, May 15
 9:00 a.m. - 10:30 a.m.          
Raynna Bowlby meets with Cataloging Department (including staff from other units who are directly involved in cataloging-related work), Stringer Conference Room                                

1:00 p.m. - 3:00 p.m.            
LLC including Director of Library Undergraduate Services
LLC review progress on Strategic Directions and goals for 2013/14 and identify priorities for 2014/15, Stringer Conference Room        




John Riemer - Currently the head of the UCLA Library Cataloging & Metadata Center since 2000, John Riemer previously worked as Digital Cataloging Coordinator for the Digital Library of Georgia (1999- 2000) and led serials cataloging for over 15 years at University of Georgia. He holds an MLS degree and a B.A. in linguistics from UCLA.  In 2010/2011, he was chair of the Program for Cooperative Cataloging, serving a 2009-2012 elected term on the PCC Policy Committee. During this time, he has led an effort to expand the PCC's scope to include both traditional MARC/AACR2 cataloging and digital library project metadata/new metadata roles. He represents UCLA  and currently chairs ALA's Technical Services Directors of Large Research Libraries Interest Group ("Big Heads"). He is a member of the OCLC Research Library Partners Metadata Managers Focus Group. Within the University of California, he chaired the Bibliographic Services Task Force, whose 2005 report directly led to OCLC's development of WorldCat Local.  He serves as a member of the *Cataloging & Classification Quarterly *Editorial Board and writes guest columns for *Technicalities.  *Among his recent publications is "The Expansion of Cataloging to Cover the Digital Object Landscape"

Tuesday, April 15, 2014

Karen Williams & Rick Anderson's presentations

Library employees may find the slides from Karen Williams' March 11 presentation (as well as the slides she referred to from Steve Bosch) on the staff drive at U:LibraryFutures\.

For those who requested, Rick Anderson's slides from November 21 are now on the staff drive as well. 

Comments and questions on the presentations can be added to the comments section below.

Tuesday, April 8, 2014

3D Printing: One Step Closer to a Star Trek Future?


3D Printing


3D Printing: One Step Closer to a Star Trek Future?

On the original Star Trek TV series from the 1960s, they had their fictional replicator technology that materialized food, drink and non-edible objects. Well…now 3D printing is turning fiction into fact. There’s even a 3D printer by MakerBot Industries called the Replicator. Okay, we’re not quite at the Star Trek level yet, but the number of objects we can “print” is quickly growing, and the list includes useful things such as human organs, limbs and even synthetic food including pizza. Chefs probably don’t have to worry about their jobs just yet, as some of this 3D-printed food so far is intended for consumption by astronauts in space — where 30 minutes or free for pizza obviously isn’t an option. As well, 3D printing is in its infancy. In the near future, though, you could very well order something online and have it created in front of you from a home or office 3D printer — not unlike the Star Trek replicator.

What Can You Make With 3D Printing?

The range of items already 3D-printed is quite lengthy. Some are toys, puzzles and trinkets, others are much more functional. They include:
• 3D puzzles and toys — including from characters in mobile apps for children.
• Bicycles, trikes and helmets.
• Clothing and accessories: gowns, capes, dresses, bikinis, gloves, hats, headdresses, handbags, shoes (heels, sneakers), shoe insoles, athlete shoe cleats, masks, costume fingernails, jewelry (chains, pendants and abstract 3D shapes), watch frames, eyeglass frames, leather. While some of these items offer questionable comfort in extended wearing, performance artist/model Dita Von Teese wore the first fully-articulated 3D-printed gown. It had 3,000 joints and was made specifically for her, to flow around the curves of her body.
• Fetus replicas, using ultrasound to form the baby’s 3D model equivalent.
• Geometric shapes: These are theoretical shapes that may not occur in nature.
• Musical instruments and related items: guitar, flute, drum set, violin, vinyl records, headphones, custom music boxes.
• Organs: ears, bones and skin, heart. Can already print liver tissue and embryonic stem cells using bioprinters and a “cell gel.”
• Prosthetic limbs, other non-organ body parts, and healthcare-related items: hands, arms, legs, arm and hand casts, partial skull replacement, jaw bones — including a synthetic leg for Dudley the duck, who apparently lost one leg in a fight with a chicken.
• Statuettes and figurines: Besides lifelike selfies and mini models of “sad” Keanu Reeves (actor), one team is using 1/25th scale models of two statues of Buddha, destroyed in Afghanistan by the Taliban. These models will be used to attempt to reconstruct the damaged originals — formerly two of the largest of their kind in the world.
• Synthetic food: chocolate, meat, cheese doodles, veggie patties, breads, and pizza. A NASA-funded project for printed food to feed astronauts in space resulted in pizza.
• Trees: 3D-printed wood using bioprinting technology
• Vehicles: quadcopters (toys), toy cars, concept cars (Honda, Urbee 2), fighter jet parts, drones. The SULSA drone has a top speed of 90 mph and can stay aloft for 30 minutes. It takes 10 min to assemble from printed plastic parts, without screws and other fasteners.
• Weapons: Liberator gun
• X-rated items: dildos, vibrator sleeves.
• Prototypes — full-size or scale — in rubber or plastics, etc., before actual production in the final materials. For example, bicycle chain stay guards and handlebar grips.
• Miscellaneous: guns, hearing aids, rooms, house keys, wheelchair ramps, smartphone cases, crime scenes for use in court, 3d replicas of Hubble Space Telescope images, inflatable flowers and many more.
This is just a small list of objects and items 3D-printed so far, but quite possibly the most interesting at least to tech nerds is the ability for a 3D printer to print a 3D printer. Mind blow? One example is the RepRap 3D printer, which costs $500 – $600. As well, in the near future we could be printing any or all of the following, beyond prototypes.
• Entire houses instead of just parts: University of Southern California has large 3D printer that has the capability to build a 2500 sq ft home in 24 hours.
• Moon bases: The European Space Agency (ESA) is considering the possibilities.
• Windpipes and additional other functioning organs.
• Potentially anything that can be 3D-digitized.

Why Would Anyone Want to Print Meat and Leather?

Modern Meadow has managed to use bio-ink to 3D-print both synthetic meat and leather. Why? Here are some stats they provide which gives their motivation:
• Over 75 sq ft — amount of land needed to make one burger
• Droughts have shrunk cattle herds to a 60-year low
• 18% greenhouse gas emissions are created by livestock
• 70% of the wet weight of leather is from toxic solid wastes
• Up to 20% of leather is wasted during manufacturing
• 70% more meat needed by 2050 to feed the world
• 1/3 of available land is used for livestock production
• Over 270 lbs — amount of meat the average American eats per year
• 50 gallons of water to make one burger
• 7 iPads fully powered take less energy than what’s needed to make one burger
• Over 1000 miles — the distance livestock travels from farm to fridge
As well, if we’re serious about manned Mars missions in the future, being able to print meat, pizza and other foods might be a necessity.

How Does 3D Printing Work?

There are multiple types of 3D printer and the materials used for the actual printing is a factor. However, material states range from powders to viscous fluids to spools of filament to bio-inks and more. While there are three types of 3D printing, all use layering to form objects. One method uses a pool of chemicals and light (UV laser). Another method uses molten “ink” that becomes solid as it is extruded from the print head. In a nutshell, the very generalized process is as follows:
• Use software or 3D scans to design and create a 3D model.
◦ Autodesk offers a series of free software tools for 3D modelling, including “123D” (some desktop, some for smart phones and tablets, some for web browsers) — see 123dapp.com.
◦ Blender.org offers the popular free cross-platform 3D rendering package Blender.
◦ Adobe is planning to add a 3D printing module to their image processing software, Photoshop.
◦ These are just a few options.
• Load the digital model’s file into the printer’s memory or some external computer that can control the printer.
• The model is then digitally sliced horizontally into very thin cross sections.
• The first cross section layer is printed onto a base or into supporting material in the “build box” and solidified with a laser, heat or other techniques. Not all 3D printers use the “laser sintering” process to solidify layers, but it is a common process.
• Each subsequent layer is printed on top of the previous layer. In some printers, the print bed (surface) moves around to aid in the layering process.
In the case of powdered materials, the process appears to be a block of loose powder, but upon completion, excess materials are brushed or vacuumed away to reveal the solid object.

What Materials Can You Use in 3D Printing?

The list of materials already in use in 3D printing might surprise you at the diversity. They include, but are not limited to, the following:
• brass
• carbon fiber
• ceramic
• cloth
• concrete
• edible materials such as cheese, chocolate, sugar, cocoa butter and other materials. The ChefJet 3D printer can produce a variety of edible products including ravioli. Other printers can produce pizza, chickpea nuggets, corn chips, sugar candies.
• glass
• metals and transition metals: steel, titanium, aluminum, gold.
• plastic – several types
• wax

The Market for 3D Printing

Chris Anderson, former longtime editor of Wired Magazine and author of several books on technology — including Makers: The New Industrial Revolution — quit journalism to become a 3D entrepreneur. His feeling is that personal 3D printers will be bigger than the Internet in terms of personal impact — allowing us to have our own factories at home, replacing the personal computer printers many households now have.
• 3D printing technology has been around for at least 25 years and been in long use by carmakers and aerospace companies.
• 3D printing has also made its way more recently into the medical field and others.
• Industrial strength printers can run from $5K to $1M, and use different multi-colored plastic and other materials.
• Consumer 3D printers are dropping steadily in price — some now sub-$1,000, with professional models running from $15K-59K.
• The 2011 market just for 3D printing (worldwide, including printers, materials, service, etc.) was around $1.7B.
• The 2012 market $2.2B — an increase of 29% from 2011.
• $3.7B is the estimated market size by 2015.
• $400B is the price paid in Jun 2013 by Stratasys for Makerbot Industries — in which Amazon’s Jeff Bezos had a small stake.
• Dell Computers ordered at least 5,000 units from Zortrax in Jan 2014, for use in some of their own Asian offices.
• In addition, Dell will be reselling at least Makerbot printers as of Feb 2014.
Several key patents for 3D printing technology expired in Jan 2014, with more expiring later in 2014. What this means is that there is the immediate potential to bring much lower cost 3D printers to consumers. Want speedy delivery of select items? How about “now”?

Thursday, March 20, 2014

A Letter from the Dean- Implementing Tiered Reference Service




I am pleased to announce we will immediately initiate our strategic priority of implementing a tiered reference service model. Based on what we have heard from Karen Williams, other Library Futures speakers, and the discussions in the follow-up to Karen’s presentation, I’m convinced this is the right step for us at this time. My thanks to all of you who contributed the ideas and suggestions that are incorporated in the tiered model described below.

Circulation and Information Services
The first tier will be the service desk on the first floor, which will become the Circulation and Information Services Desk. The term Information Services is used to signal a change in our reference model and uses language that is more familiar to today’s users.
The next tier will be librarians who have in-depth training and knowledge to assist users with reference and research level queries. The Circulation and Information Services staff will follow protocols (to be determined) for moving a query up to the second tier in the most effective and efficient manner.
Organizationally, Circulation and Information Services will be part of Access Services, within the Library Operations division. Staff will perform all of the following:

  • Serve as the first point of in-person and telephone queries.
  • Answer directional and basic informational questions.
  • Direct research questions to librarians via Skype or chat links or make appointments for research consultations with appropriate librarians via their Outlook calendars
  • Each staff member will be able to respond to questions, check-out books, handle study room reservations and respond to questions.
  • Provide basic technology support for effective use of the equipment in the Commons area.
  • Maintain paper and toner in printers in the Commons area.


Referrals
We will develop well-defined guidelines for referral of research-level and curricular issues to appropriate librarians (subject librarians, functional specialists, etc.) including a proactive follow-up protocol to ensure questions are answered in a timely manner.

Staffing
Access Services will provide administrative oversight of the Circulation and Information Services Desk. They will:

  • Create a team of staff, Graduate Assistants, and undergraduate information assistants who will be cross-trained in a variety of functions appropriate to their roles.
  • The number of staff needed to achieve all of the functions of this service point will be studied and determined based on variables such as peak hours of service demand.
  • One senior staff member will coordinate scheduling and collaboration and communication with other departments throughout the Library.
  • A second librarian will be added to Access Services to guide the overall implementation of the new Information Service model and will have an ongoing role in training, mentoring and monitoring to ensure continuous improvement and overall success.

We expect there will be some opportunities for existing staff to consider contributing to this new service area. I invite you to think about your interest in a possible reassignment to a new role and responsibilities.

 H/SS, SED, Government Documents, DLS, Special Collections and Oral History Librarians

  •  Librarians currently scheduled at the first floor Reference Desk will no longer have regular desk assignments. Instead they will develop means to respond quickly to referrals from the Circulation and Information Services Desk.

  • Librarians and Staff in H/SS, SED, Government Documents, DLS, Special Collections and Oral History will contribute to the success of the new design in many significant ways—from initial and ongoing training to responding in a seamless way to referrals of research-level queries. This change will provide more opportunity for librarians to focus on our priority to become fully embedded—or engaged—with academic departments and research programs.

  • ·  Rich Paustenbaugh will work with the subject librarians, and with partners in Special Collections, DLS, Government Documents and Oral History to develop more ways to integrate the Library into the workflow of faculty and graduate students. We’ll announce more specifics about this priority later this year.


Planning and Implementation
To accomplish the detailed planning and initial implementation of the new Information Service model, Robin Leech will lead a task force to:

  •  Determine the mix of staffing needed for the service, considering all service hours.

  • Outline the basic competencies for this mix of staff and design, organize and where necessary conduct the training essential to the success of the service.

  • Prepare guidelines for referral of appropriate research-level and curricular needs.

  • Set up a simple system to monitor overall implementation and schedule opportunities for communication between Information Services and Research and Learning and Special Collections during the first year of the new service.

Members of the task force will be announced shortly.

Timetable
This initiative is on a fast-track. Initial implementation will occur during July with a goal of full implementation by the start of the academic year on August 18. This is an aggressive timetable; but, we’ve been in the study-and-discussion phase since July 2012, and we are all anxious for some action, to get something moving. We will move quickly with the understanding that we will tweak things as we learn, support each other even when we make inevitable “mistakes” and celebrate as we go.

Monday, March 17, 2014

Broward County Library’s Creation Station



Throughout the Library Future’s series we’ve looked at inspirational projects from various libraries. Suzanne Reinman pointed us to information about the Broward County Library’s Creation Station.

If you have links or photos of other libraries you’d like to share on the blog email them to lib-pub@okstate.edu.